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Table 1 Wild birds sampled in Iran during different years of study, and AIV positives by rRT-PCR.

From: Avian influenza virus monitoring in wintering waterbirds in Iran, 2003-2007

Family

Bird name

Scientific name

2003 & 2004

2005

2007

Total Species No.

Species Pos. No.

No. Bird/Family

Pos./Family

Podicipedidae

Black-necked Grebe

Podiceps nigricollis

7

-

-

7

0

19

0

 

Great-crested Grebe

Podiceps cristatus

3

1

-

4

0

  
 

Little Grebe

Podiceps ruficollis

8

-

-

8

0

  

Phalacrocoracidae

Lesser Cormorant

Phalacrocorax pygmaeus

-

1

1

2

0

14

0

 

Great Cormorant

Phalacrocorax carbo

11

-

1

12

0

  

Ardeidae

Great White Egret

Egretta alba

3

2

-

5

0

22

0

 

Grey Heron

Ardea cinerea

6

4

-

10

0

  
 

Little Egret

Egretta garzetta

3

4

-

7

0

  

Phoenicopteridae

Greater Flamingo

Phoenicopterus roseus

8

4

-

12

0

12

0

Anatidae

Gadwall

Anas strepera

10

1

15

26

0

745

31

 

Garganey

Anas querquedula

3

-

-

3

1

  
 

Greylag Goose

Anser anser

3

-

1

4

1

  
 

Mallard

Anas platyrhynchos

78

34

68

180

15

  
 

Northern Pintail

Anas acuta

17

1

18

36

1

  
 

Common Pochard

Aythya ferina

5

5

8

18

1

  
 

Red-crested Pochard

Netta rufina

1

-

-

1

0

  
 

Ruddy Shelduck

Tadorna ferruginea

1

5

-

6

0

  
 

Greater Scuap

Aythya marila

-

1

-

1

0

  
 

Common Shelduck

Tadorna tadorna

10

-

1

11

0

  
 

Northern Shoveler

Anas clypeata

10

1

4

15

2

  
 

Common Teal

Anas crecca

79

36

243

358

9

  
 

Tufted Duck

Aythya fuligula

2

2

1

5

1

  
 

White-headed Duck

Oxyura leucocephala

2

-

-

2

0

  
 

Lesser White-fronted Goose

Anser erythropus

-

-

1

1

0

  
 

Greater White-fronted Goose

Anser albifrons

-

-

1

1

0

  
 

Eurasian Wigeon

Anas penelope

4

4

69

77

0

  

Rallidae

Common Coot

Fulica atra

117

39

77

233

4

234

4

 

Water Rail

Rallus aquaticus

1

-

-

1

0

  

Recurvirostridae

Pied Avocet

Recurvirostra avosetta

4

-

-

4

0

6

0

 

Black-winged Stilt

Himantopus himantopus

2

-

-

2

0

  

Charadriidae

Northern Lapwing

Vanellus vanellus

10

1

4

15

0

17

0

 

White-tailed Lapwing

Vanellus leucurus

2

-

-

2

0

  

Scolopacidae

Black-tailed Godwit

Limosa limosa

3

2

-

5

0

51

0

 

Dunlin

Calidris alpina

5

-

-

5

0

  
 

Jack Snipe

Lymnocryptes minimus

3

-

1

4

0

  
 

Marsh Sandpiper

Tringa stagnatilis

13

-

-

13

0

  
 

Common Redshank

Tringa totanus

12

1

1

14

0

  
 

Common Greenshank

Tringa nebularia

-

5

-

5

0

  
 

Kentish Plover

Charadrius alexandrinus

-

2

-

2

0

  
 

Ruff

Philomachus pugnax

1

2

-

3

0

  

Laridae

Black-headed Gull

Larus ridibundus

16

1

-

17

0

25

0

 

Little Gull

Larus minutus

3

-

-

3

0

  
 

Slender-billed Gull

Larus genei

2

-

-

2

0

  
 

Yellow-legged Gull

Larus cachinnans

3

-

-

3

0

  

Sternidae

Whiskered Tern

Chlidonias hybridus

1

-

-

1

0

1

0

   

472

159

515

1146

35

1146

35