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Table 1 Anti-influenza virus (H3N2) effect of EF

From: Anti-viral properties and mode of action of standardized Echinacea purpurea extract against highly pathogenic avian Influenza virus (H5N1, H7N7) and swine-origin H1N1 (S-OIV)

EF dilution

(μg/ml)

Virus titer

(PFU, % of control)

1:30 (53.3)

< 0.1

1:102 (16)

< 0.1

1: 103 (1.6)

< 0.1

1: 104 (0.16)

1.0 ± 0

1: 105 (0.016)

110 ± 7.8

  1. Aliquots of H3N2 virus, containing 105 PFU/ml, were incubated at 22°C for 60 min with the indicated concentrations of EF, and assayed for remaining PFU/ml