Modulation of viral replication in macrophages persistently infected with the DA strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus

Table 1 Listing of the compounds screened for a modulating effect on viral persistence in DRAW cells.

Compound	Established effect, virus (strain)	Reference	Effect on TMEV yield from DRAW	C_max^d
2-AP	↑^a, TMEV (GDVII)	[21]	-^c	200 μg/ml
L-NAME	↑, CVB (CVB3)	[22]	-	250 μg/ml
L-NMMA	↑, CVB (CVB3)	[23]	-	250 μg/ml
2-FMC	↓^b, HRV (HRV2)	[24]	-	0.1 μg/ml
hydantoin	↓, PV (Mahoney)	[25]	-	20 μg/ml
levamisole	↓, EMCV	[26]	-	200 μg/ml
pirodavir	↓, HRV (HRV9)	[27]	-	10 μg/ml
Compound	Established effect, virus (strain)	Reference	Log₁₀ maximal increase or decrease of TMEV yield from DRAW^e	EC₅₀ ^e	ED^f
hemin	↑, PV (Mahoney)	[28]	↑; 0.99 ± 0.23	13 μg/ml	65 μg/ml
anti-TMEV mAb	↓, TMEV (DA, GDVII)	[29]	↓; 1.12 ± 0.04	1:250 dilution	1:10 dilution
enviroxime	↓, HRV (HRV31)	[30]	↓; 0.99 ± 0.13	0.1 μg/ml	0.316 μg/ml
IFN-α	↓, TMEV (DA)	[21]	↓; 4.89 ± 0.23	10 ng/ml	250 ng/ml
IFN-γ	↓, TMEV (DA)	[21]	↓; 5.89 ± 0.49	0.2 ng/ml	25 ng/ml

^a ↑: increase of infectivity; ^b ↓: decrease of infectivity; ^c -: no influence on infectivity; ^d C_max: highest, non-cytotoxic concentration; ^e EC₅₀: effective concentration₅₀ = concentration of the compound inducing a twofold increase or decrease of infectious virus yield from DRAW cells, as determined by titration in L929 cells; ^f ED: effective dose = concentration that maximally affected infectious virus yield from DRAW cells; CVB: coxsackievirus B; EMCV: encephalomyocarditis virus; HRV: human rhinovirus; PV: poliovirus; TMEV: Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. Data are the mean result of duplicate samples from two independent experiments ± standard deviation

ISSN: 1743-422X