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Table 3 Summary of AES incidence rates in the selected studies

From: The incidence of acute encephalitis syndrome in Western industrialised and tropical countries

Study (Publication Year)

Year of Study

Setting Country Western (W)/Tropical (T)

Study Design Longitudinal (L) Prospective (P)/Retrospective (R)/

Ages

Incidence per 100,000 population

Klemola et al (1965), Kaeaeriaeinen et al(1964)[5, 6]

1945–1963

Finland (W)

L

All ages

2 to 3

Beghi et al. (1984)[4]

1950–1981

USA (W)

P

All ages

7.4

Henrich et al. (2003)[35]

1993–1998

Thailand (T)

P

All ages

6.34

Pedersen (1956)[37]

1952–54

Jutland (W)

R

All ages

6.75–9.25**

Nicolosi (1986)[36]

1950–1981

USA (W)

R

All ages

7.4

Ponka et al. (1982)[13]

1980

Finland (W)

R

All ages

3.5

Khetsuriani et al. 2002)[18]

1988 – 1997

USA (W)

R

All ages

7.3

Khetsuriani et al. (2007)[34]

1988–1997

USA (W)

R

All ages

0.51–0.53*(deaths)

Kamei et al. (2000)[17]

1989–1991

Japan (T)

R

All ages

1.77 *(± 0.32)

Davison et al. (2003)[20]

1989–1998

England (W)

R

All ages (children <17 yrs)

1.5 (2.8 in children) (1.1 in adults)

Trevejo (2004)[19]

1990–1999

USA (W)

R

All ages

4.3 (CI 4.2–4.4)

Mailles et al. 2007)[21]

2000–2002

France (W)

R

All ages

1.9

Rantalaiho et al. (2001)[7]

1967–1991

Finland (W)

L

Adults ≥ 15 yrs

1.4

Radhakrishnan et al. (1987)[38]

1983–1984

Libya (T)

P

Adults >15 yrs

1

Nwosu et al. (2001)[33]

1991–1993

Nigeria (T)

P

Adults ≥ 16 yrs

0.9

Kupila et al. (2006)[9]

1999–2003

Finland (W)

P

Adults ≥ 16 yrs

2.2

Koskiniemi et al. (1991)[8, 10]

1968–1987

Finland (W)

L

Children 1 mths-6 yrs

8.3 (range 19.8 in 1974 to 2.5 in 1986 and 1987)

Rantakallio et al. (1986)

1966–1972

Finland (W)

P

Children <14 yrs (1966 birth cohort)

12.6

Koskiniemi et al. (1997)[11]

1993–1994

Finland (W)

P

Children 1 mths-15 yrs

10.5

Ilias et al. (2006)[14]

2000–2004

Greece (W)

P

Children <14 yrs

13.8**

Wang et al. (1981)[40]

1972–1980

Canada (W)

R

Children ≤ 16 yrs

8.2**

Rantala & Uhari (1989)[12]

1973–1987

Finland (W)

R

Children <16 yrs

8.8

Wong et al. (1987)[41]

1975–1986

Hong Kong (T)

R

Children <14 yrs

14.25**

Cizman et al. (1993)[15]

1979–1991

Slovenia (W)

R

Children 1 mths-15 yrs

6.7 (range 2.37–12.6)

Ishikawa et al. (1993)[16]

1984–1990

Japan (T)

R

Children <15 yrs

3.3

  1. * Incidence converted to/100,000, ** incidence calculated from data in paper. Yrs Years. Mths Months, P prospective, R retrospective, L Longitudinal, CI confidence interval. Studies covering all ages are listed first followed by adult studies and then paediatric studies. Within each section the studies are ordered by type; longitudinal, then prospective and then retrospective studies.