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Figure 4 | Virology Journal

Figure 4

From: Macrophages and cytokines in the early defence against herpes simplex virus

Figure 4

Regulation of iNOS induction at the cellular level. Cytokines controlling the iNOS induction in macrophages (Mφ) during early HSV infection. IFN-γ, produced mainly by NK cells, stimulates iNOS production. This IFN-γ-induced production of iNOS can be inhibited by IL-4. Upon HSV infection of macrophages they produce TNF which synergizes with the IFN-γ-induced pathways and inhibits the inhibitory signals of IL-4. Thus, the virus overrules the restrictive signals and opens up for an otherwise closed pathway. Stimulatory pathways are indicated by green arrows (→), and inhibitory pathways are drawn in red.

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