From: Roles and functions of HIV-1 Tat protein in the CNS: an overview
Protein name | Protein Acc | Ref PMID(s) | Interaction description |
---|---|---|---|
Beta-nerve growth factor precursor | NP_002497.2 | 8178451 | Nerve growth factor synergizes with HIV-1 Tat to induce HIV-1 gene expression in neuronal and glial cell lines |
CD40 ligand | NP_000065.1 | Â | Recombinant CD40L synergizes with HIV-1 Tat to increase TNF-alpha release from primary human monocytes and microglia in an NF-kappaB-dependent manner. This synergism is attributed to a Tat-mediated up-regulation of CD40 |
CDK-activating kinase assembly factor MAT1 isoform 1 | NP_002422.1 | 8934526 | TFIIH synergizes with HIV-1 Tat to induce transcription elongation from the HIV-1 LTR promoter |
Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 | NP_001790.1 | Â | |
Cyclin-H isoform 1 | NP_001230.1 | 8934526 | |
Cytochrome B-245 heavy chain | NP_000388.2 | 21029719 | Nox2 is involved in HIV-1 Tat-induced NADPH oxidase p65 and IKK phosphorylation |
E3 SUMO-protein ligase EGR2 isoform a | NP_000390.2 | 11909874 | HIV-1 Tat (through amino acids 30–40) binds to Egr-2 and synergizes with this protein to super induce the FasL promoter |
Early growth response protein 3 isoform 1 | NP_004421.2 | ||
Endothelial transcription factor GATA-2 isof. 1 | NP_116027.2 | 9517987 | GATA-2 synergizes with HIV-1 Tat to enhance transcriptional activity from the HIV-1 LTR promoter |
Fibroblast growth factor 2 | NP_001997.5 | Â | HIV-1 Tat synergizes with bFGF to promote Kaposi's sarcoma, endothelial cell growth and locomotion, and secretion of matrix-metalloproteinase-2 |
General transcription factor IIF subunit 1 & 2 | NP_002087.2 | Â | TFIIF synergizes with HIV-1 Tat and the cellular co-activator Tat-SF1 during Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter |
NP_004119.1 | |||
General transcription factor IIH subunit 1, 2, 3 and 4 | NP_005307.1 | 8934526 | TFIIH synergizes with HIV-1 Tat to induce transcription elongation from the HIV-1 LTR promoter |
NP_001506.1 | |||
NP_001507.2 | |||
NP_001508.1 | |||
Histone acetyltransferase KAT2B | NP_003875.3 | Â | HIV-1 Tat synergizes with P/CAF to activate the HIV-1 LTR promoter |
Histone acetyltransferase p300 | NP_001420.2 | 18226242 | HIV-1 Tat, NAP-1, and p300 synergistically activate HIV-1 transcription |
Interferon gamma precursor | NP_000610.2 | Â | IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma synergize with HIV-1 Tat to promote in nude mice the development of angioproliferative Kaposi's sarcoma-like lesions |
10446807 | HIV-1 Tat synergizes with IFN-gamma to induce iNOS activity in purified rat microglial cultures | ||
18569454 | Tat and IFN-gamma synergistically induce the expression of CXCL10, which is inhibited by MEK1/2 inhibitor and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor | ||
 | HIV-1 Tat in combination with IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha increases CXCL10 mRNA and protein in human astrocytes through the activation of the p38, Jnk, and Akt signaling pathways and their downstream transcription factors, NF-kappaB and STAT-1alpha | ||
19941336 | HIV-1 Tat increases CXCL10 expression in IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha stimulated human astrocytes via NADPH oxidase | ||
Interleukin-1 beta protein | NP_000567.1 | 10438928 | IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma synergize with HIV-1 Tat to promote in nude mice the development of angioproliferative Kaposi's sarcoma-like lesions |
Nuclear factor 1C-type isoform 5 | NP_005588.2 | Â | HIV-1 Tat synergizes with CTF to activate transcription and enhance transcript elongation and exon skipping |
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform A | NP_765978.1 | Â | NFATc synergizes with NF-kappa B and HIV-1 Tat in transcriptional activation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter and enhances HIV-1 replication in T cells |
Nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 1 | NP_004528.1 | 18226242 | HIV-1 Tat, NAP-1, and p300 synergistically activate HIV-1 transcription |
RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 isoform a | NP_599150.1 | Â | TRBP2 binds to HIV-1 TAR RNA and synergizes with HIV-1 Tat to activate the HIV-1 LTR promoter |
TATA-box-binding protein isoform 1 | NP_003185.1 | Â | TBP synergizes with HIV-1 Tat during Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter |
T-box transcription factor TBX21 | NP_037483.1 | 18300036 | Pretreatment of THP-1 cells with HIV-1 Tat/T-bet co-cultures with CD4 + T cells, resulting in increased levels of IFN-gamma |
TFIIH basal transcription factor complex helicase XPB subunit | NP_000113.1 | 8934526 | TFIIH synergizes with HIV-1 Tat to induce transcription elongation from the HIV-1 LTR promoter |
TFIIH basal transcription factor complex helicase XPD subunit isoform 1 | NP_000391.1 | ||
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha isoform 2 | NP_003241.2 | Â | HIV-1 Tat synergizes with thyroid hormone (T3) receptor alpha to activate the HIV-1 LTR promoter in the absence of T3, which is relieved in its presence, suggesting a possible role for T3 in the control of HIV-1 gene expression |
Transcription elongation factor A protein 1 isoform 1/ protein 2 isoform α/ protein 3 | NP_006747.1 | 1559613 | TFIIS synergizes with HIV-1 Tat during transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter |
NP_003186.1 | |||
NP_003187.1 | |||
Transcription factor Sp1 isoform a | Â | Â | Sp1 synergizes with HIV-1 Tat to activate HIV-1 transcription |
Tumor necrosis factor | Â | 15246652 | HIV-1 Tat synergizes with TNF-alpha to enhance IL-6 secretion and activate human central nervous system-derived endothelial cells |
19479051 | HIV-1 Tat synergizes with TNF-alpha to induce the expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and ELAM-1 | ||
19941336 | IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma synergize with HIV-1 Tat to promote in nude mice the development of angioproliferative Kaposi's sarcoma-like lesions | ||
 | HIV-1 Tat and TNF-alpha synergistically activate the adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells | ||
HIV-1 Tat in combination with IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha increases CXCL10 mRNA and protein in human astrocytes through the activation of the p38, Jnk, and Akt signaling pathways and their downstream transcription factors, NF-kappaB and STAT-1alpha | |||
HIV-1 Tat increases CXCL10 expression in IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha stimulated human astrocytes via NADPH oxidase | |||
Zinc finger protein GLI2 | NP_005261.2 | 11160734 | GLI-2 physically interacts with HIV-1 Tat (demonstrated in GST pull-down experiments) and strongly synergizes with Tat during transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter |