In vitro antiviral activity of plant extracts from Asteraceae medicinal plants

Table 3 Antiviral activity of selected active extracts

Plant name	Extract	Virus	CC₅₀ ^a(μg/ml)	EC₉₀^b(μg/ml)	EC₅₀^c(μg/ml)	SI ^d
Baccharis gaudichaudiana	OE	PV-2	161.0 ± 2.5	30.1 ± 0.8	14.8 ± 1.5	10.9
	OE	VSV	161.0 ± 2.5	114.0 ± 0.5	33.9 ± 3.8	4.8
	AE	HSV-1	> 2000	35.4 ± 1.2	17.1 ± 0.1	> 117
Baccharis spicata	OE	PV-2	114.3 ± 4.7	74 ± 4.7	19.3 ± 3.9	5.9
	OE	VSV	114.3 ± 4.7	110.1 ± 1.6	23.8 ± 0.1	4.8
	AE	HSV-1	> 2000	61.3 ± 3.2	34.7 ± 3.2	> 57.6
Tessaria absinthioides	OE	PV-2	390.1 ± 3.2	61.1 ± 2.8	40.3 ± 5.6	9.7
Tessaria absinthioides	AE	HSV-1	> 2000	26.5 ± 1.5	19.1 ± 3.2	> 104
Acyclovir*		HSV-1	> 9 ^#		1.9 ± 0.2 ^§	>90000
Guanidine*		PV-2	> 84 ^#		0.2 ± 0.6 ^#	> 420
Ribavirin*		VSV	> 2 ^#		0.3 ± 1.2 ^#	> 6.7

^aCC₅₀ cytotoxic concentration 50, ^bEC₉₀ effective concentration 90, ^cEC₅₀ effective concentration 50, ^dSI (Selectivity index) = CC₅₀/EC₅₀, OE organic extract, AE aqueous extract. Results are shown as means ± SD, each time in triplicate.
*Acyclovir, Guanidine and Ribavirin were included as positive controls for the antiviral activity of HSV-1 and PV-2 and VSV, respectively. The CC₅₀ and EC₅₀ values were expressed in mM (^#), except for EC₅₀ of acyclovir that is expressed in μM (^§).

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