Table 1 Presence of α- and γ-herpesviruses in human semen

Aynaud et al. 2002 [9]

9% (n = 111)

Male partners of females with genital HPV lesions France

Bagasra et al. 2005 [10]

A) 4.4% (n = 45)

A) HIV negative B) HIV-positive homosexual men USA, Japan

B) 87.7% (n = 73)

Bezold et al. 2001 [11]

3.2% (n = 252)

0% (n = 252)

7.1% (n = 252)

0% (n = 252)

FCA Germany

Bezold et al. 2007 [12]

3.7% (n = 241)

0.4% (n = 240)

FCA Massachusetts

Bocharova et al. 2007 [13]

51.7% (n = 29)

FCA Russia

Chen et al. 2013 [14]

25.5% (n = 153)

3.9% (n = 153)

FCA China

El Borai et al. 1997 [15]

A) 24% (n = 153)

A) FCA B) Fathers Japan

B) 0% (n = 16)

Howard et al. 1997 [16]

A) 25% (n = 24)

A) HIV-infected men B) Healthy sperm donors UK

B) 0% (n = 115)

Kapranos et al. 2003 [17]

49.5% (n = 113)

16.8% (n = 113)

FCA Greece

Kaspersen et al. 2012 [18]

HSV-1: 0.4% (n = 198) HSV-2: 0.1% (n = 198)

0% (n = 198)

6.3% (n = 198)

0% (n = 198)

Sperm donors Denmark

Kelsen et al. 1999 [19]

0% (n = 100)

Sperm donors Denmark

Lisco et al. 2012 [20]

A) 0% (n = 28)

A) 3.5% (n = 28)

Semen plasma from A) HIV-negative men B) HIV-positive men Italy

B) 8% (n = 50)

B) 56% (n = 50)

McGowan et al. 1983 [21]

0% (n = 210)

A) FCA B) Healthy students Australia

Michou et al. 2012 [22]

29% (n = 109)

0% (n = 109)

45% (n = 109)

Men from couples undergoing IVF treatment Spain

Neofytou et al. 2008 [23]

2.3% (n = 172)

2.3% (n = 172)

40.6% (n = 172)

FCA Greece

Rinaldo et al. 1992 [24]

0% (n = 116)

HIV-pos. (n = 58) and HIV-neg. (n = 58) homosexuals USA

Rintala et al. 2004 [25]

3.2% (n = 252)

Fathers to be Finland

Rohde et al. 1999 [26]

3.7% (n = 241)

Infertile men Germany

Thomas et al. 2006 [27]

3% (n = 33)

FCA UK

Wald et al. 1999 [28]

47% (n = 15)

Men with genital HSV-2 Washington