Figure 1

Effect of cytoskeletal drug treatments on virus replication. A). BHK cells were infected for 1 hour at 35°C with either Herpes Simplex virus-1 (HSV-1; multiplicity of infection (MOI) = 0.01 plaque forming unit (pfu)/cell), Sindbis virus (SINV; MOI = 0.1 pfu/cell) or vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV; MOI = 0.1 pfu/cell) and then incubated at 35°C in medium with the indicated drug. The minimal concentrations necessary to inhibit the appropriate cytoskeletal system were used as determined either by immunofluorescence staining of drug-treated, uninfected BHK cells, using antibodies against the microtubules or by phalloidin-Alexa Fluor 568 staining which binds to actin filaments, to observe changes in cytoskeletal morphology and/or inhibition of mitosis (the effects these poisons have on cells). At 24 hours post-infection, the cell culture fluid was harvested and titered by plaque assay. Results, given in log₁₀ PFU/mL, were the average of three independent experiments. Error bars represent the standard deviation from the mean. B). BHK cells were infected for 1 hour at 4°C with VSV at MOI’s of 0.1, 1, or 10 pfu/cell. Subsequently, the cells were incubated at 35°C in medium with the indicated drug. At 24 hours post-infection, the cell culture fluid was harvested and titered by plaque assay. The results were the average of two independent experiments. Error bars represent the standard deviation from the mean.